句型宝典4 含分词之句型

阿邱

含分词之句型
I am + V-ing ...
结构︰主词＋am（are，is）＋现在分词…
说明︰此句型意为“<主词>（人，物）正在…”。<现在进行式>用于表示现在“正在进行”的动作或“暂时性”的动作，常和 now，still，at this time 等<副词>（<词组>）连用。而<简单现在式>用于表示现在的“事实，习惯或状态”，常和 every day，usually，always 等<副词>(<词组>)连用。

Bill is singing.
比尔正在唱歌。

Linda is cooking.
琳达在烹饪。

My father is sleeping.
我父亲在睡觉。

Mother cooks dinner every evening.
妈妈每天晚上做晚饭。

She is cooking in the kitchen now.
她现在正在厨房里做饭。

Father walks to his office every morning.
爸爸每天早上走路去上班。

He is walking to his office now.
他现在正在走路去上班。

Mary sings in her room every afternoon.
玛丽每天下午在她房间里唱歌。

She is singing in her room now.
她现在正在她房间里唱歌。
an interesting movie
结构︰主词＋动词＋a／an＋（very）＋现在分词＋名词（物）…。
说明︰“情绪<动词>”如 interest，excite，satisfy，bore，confuse，trouble 等，要修饰事物，常用现在<分词>；现在<分词>含有“主动”或动作“正在进行”的意味。

That is an interesting movie.
那是一部令人有趣的电影。

That is an exciting game.
那是一场令人兴奋的比赛。

That is a satisfying book.
那是一本令人满意的书。
Have you + V-ed ...?
结构︰Have／Has＋主词＋过去分词＋…？
说明︰将<助动词> have（has）提到句首，即构成<现在完成式>的疑问式。

Have you had your lunch?
你已吃过午饭吗？

Has she ever written a letter to Mark?
她曾经写信给马克吗？

Have you found the pen you lost yesterday?
你找到昨天丢失的钢笔了吗？
a troubled student
结构︰主词＋动词＋a／an＋（very）＋过去分词＋名词（人）…。
说明︰“情绪<动词>”如 interest，excite，satisfy，bore，confuse，trouble 等，要修饰人，常用过去<分词>；过去<分词>含有“被动”或动作“已经完成”的意味。

He is a troubled student.
他是一位感到苦恼的学生。

He is an interested person.
他是一位表现兴趣的人。

He is a bored student.
他是一位感到厌烦的学生。
I have written a letter.
结构︰主词＋have（has）＋过去分词＋…。
说明︰<现在完成式>用于表示“过去某时”发生的事情，“直到现在”才完成，或“继续到现在”，或其结果“影响到现在”，它的肯定式由“have（has）＋过去<分词>”构成，其中 have或 has 是<助动词>，当<主词>是第三人称单数（he，she，it…）时，用 has，其余人称用 have。

I have written a letter.
我已经写了一封信。

Mary has studied English for three years.
玛丽研读英语已有三年。

He has liked dogs since he was a child.
自从他是小孩时，他就喜欢狗。
... is ...ed by ...
结构︰主词＋be 动词＋过去分词＋by＋受词…。
说明︰将主动句改为被动句时，先将主动句的<主词>变成被动句的<受词>，再将主动句的<及物动词>改成“be＋过去分词”，且须注意 be <动词>的时式要与主动句的<及物动词>时式相同，最后将主动句的<主词>变成被动句 by 的<受词>。

The news is widely spread by them.
这一消息被他们广为传播。

Vegetables are needed every day by us.
蔬菜每天被我们所需要。

This letter was typed by Alice this morning.
这封信在今早被艾丽斯用打字机打过了。
will be V-ed by ...
结构︰主词＋will be＋过去分词＋by＋受词…。
说明︰将现在式被动句的 be <动词>（am，is，are）改为 will be，是构成未来式被动句的一种方法。

That book will be brought by Mary tomorrow.
那本书明天将被玛丽带来。

That car will be washed this afternoon.
那部汽车今天下午将会被洗。

The building will be opened next month.
那栋大楼下个月将营业。
be going to be V-ed by
结构︰主词＋be going to＋be＋过去分词＋by＋受词…。
说明︰在现在式被动句的 be <动词>（am，is，are）后加 going to be，是构成未来式被动句的另一种方法。

These clothes are going to be washed by her.
这些衣服将由她来洗。

A birthday cake is going to be brought to the table by the cook.
      一只生日蛋糕将被厨师放到桌子上。

Music is going to be taught by Miss Lin.
音乐课将由林小姐来教。
can(not) be V-ed by ...
结构︰主词＋can（not）be ＋过去分词＋by＋受词…。
说明︰将主动句中的<助动词>（can，must…）照抄，后面加上 be＋过去<分词>，即构成含有<助动词>的被动句。

That lesson can not be understood by many students.
那一课无法为许多学生所理解。

The question can not be answered by many people.
这一问题无法被许多人回答。

His poor handwriting can not be read by himself. 他糟糕的笔迹无法被他本人所辨认。
... V + V-ing ...
结构︰主词＋动词＋补语（现在分词）
说明︰英文中，若两个<动词>在一起而无<连接词>加以连接，所表示的动作又是同时发生的，则第二个<动词>要变成现在<分词>；若第二个<动词>是be<动词>时，应变成现在<分词> being，但 being通常予以省略。

We sat listening to the sound of the waves.
我们坐着倾听海浪的声音。

The dog lay dozing in front of the door.
小狗躺在门前打盹儿。

She stood there (being) motionless.
她站在那儿，一动也不动。

He quickly ran home, looking as if there was something wrong with him.
      他快步跑回家，看上去好像有什么事不对劲。

I stand looking over the lake.

我站着展望湖面。

Some leaves went flying into my room.
几片叶子飞着进入我的房间。
... V-ing／V-ed + N ...
结构︰…现在分词／过去分词＋名词（或名词＋现在分词／过去分词）
说明︰这是<分词>做<名词>之修饰语的用法，该<分词>修饰其前或后紧临之<名词>；<名词>之前有其它单字或<词组>跟随时，<分词>通常放在<名词>后面。

The shouting boy did not hear his mother call him.
大声叫嚷的孩子听不到妈妈的叫唤。

The girl standing in the front row is my niece.
站在前排的少女是我的侄女。

There were no printed books in those days.
当时没有印刷的书籍。

This is a play written by an American author.
这是美国作家写的剧本。

The prisoners closely guarded escaped from the prison last night.
      被严密监视的这些囚犯昨夜越狱了。

I looked painfully at the vase broken into pieces.
我痛苦地看着这个破得粉碎的花瓶。

It is difficult to shoot a flying bird, especially a small bird flying high up in the sky.
      要射中飞行中的小鸟，尤其是高空飞行的小鸟，非常困难。

Soon we came to a crowded street, a very wide street crowded with allsorts of vehicles.
      我们很快就来到一条很宽、很吵杂，各种车辆来往行驶的大马路上。
feel/make ... V-ing/V-ed
结构︰keep／make／hear 等＋受词＋现在分词／过去分词
说明︰<动词> keep，find 或<使役动词> make，let，get 等，以及<感官动词> hear，see，watch，feel 等后的<受词补语>若强调正在进行的概念，且有主动意味时，以现在<分词>表示；若有被动意味时，则以“being＋过去<分词>”表示，均译成“正在…”。若要强调被动且已发生的概念，则用过去<分词>做<补语>，译成“被…”。

At last I succeeded in getting my car moving slowly.最后，我终于成功地让我的车子慢慢移动。

We saw him watering the lawn around the house.
我们看见他在为屋子四周的草坪浇水。

Have you heard the opera sung in French?
你听过用法语唱的这场歌剧吗？

I felt something crawling up my arm.
我感觉到有什么东西爬上我的手臂。

I saw him being punished by the teacher.
我看到他正被老师处罚。

I saw the boy carried away to the hospital.
我看到那个男孩被抬去医院。

I found the work being done in a rush.
我发现这件作品正仓促地被完成。
... get(s) V-ed/ADJ
结构︰主词（某人）＋get（s）＋过去分词（或形容词）…。
说明︰此句型意为“某人变成…”。get＋<形容词>（过去<分词>）的常见用例有：get old（年纪大）， get hungry（肚子饿），get angry（生气），get sick（生病），get fat（发胖）， get tired（疲倦），get lost（迷路），get confused（困惑），get hurt（受伤）， get excited（兴奋），get ready（准备好）。

John got lost.
约翰迷路了。

Mary gets tired of wearing red dresses.
玛丽厌倦穿红色衣服。

The question is so hard, and we’re getting confused.
这问题太难，我们感到困惑。
... have/get sth. done
结构︰主词＋have／get／make＋受词＋过去分词
说明︰此句型意为“把…（办完）”。make 之后的<受词>习惯上是“人”而非“物”；但 have 和 get 后的<受词>在此 <句型>中是“物”，有“叫别人代劳”的意味，即做事的人并非<主词>，而是别人。

Be sure to get the work finished before six o’clock.
务必在六点之前把工作完成。

Are you going to get the house painted green?
你打算要把房子漆成绿色吗？

I want to get/have these shoes mended.
我想把这些鞋子修补一下。

He has been unable to raise enough money to have the big clock repaired.
      他一直无法筹募到足够的钱来把这个大钟修理好。

I’ll have it sent right away.
我会立刻把它（拍送）出去。

Have it charged to my credit card.
把它记在我的信用卡的账号里。

I cannot make myself understood in English.


我无法用英文使自己被人了解。（我无法用英文把我的意思讲清楚。）

I had my tooth extracted. (=I had the dentist extract my tooth.)
我把牙拔了。（我是叫医生拔的。）
Sth. is being + V-ed ...
结构︰主词＋is being＋过去分词…
说明︰此句型意为“…正在被…”。是<进行式>的<被动语态>。

Money is being used in place of something more direct.金钱正在被更直接地用来取代某种东西。


The machine is being experimentally used.
这些机器正在被实验地使用着。

The problems are being discussed.
这些问题正在被讨论着。
... go + V-ing ...
结构︰go＋现在分词
说明︰此句型意为“从事…”。go 之后的现在<分词>通常是运动类的<动词>，如：fishing（钓鱼），boating（划船），skating（溜冰），skiing（滑雪），hunting（打猎），mountain climbing（爬山）， shopping（购物）等。

Sometimes Mr. Black went swimming with the children.有时布拉克先生和这些小孩去游泳。

We went fishing yesterday and I caught three fish. 我们昨天去钓鱼，而我钓了三条。

I find it interesting and healthy to go mountain climbing. 我觉得爬山有趣又有益健康。

The American housewife probably goes shopping only once or twice a week.
      美国家庭主妇可能一星期只购物一、二次。

You may go grass skiing, bicycle riding, or shopping on the weekend.
      周末你可以去滑草，骑脚踏车，或购物。
the + V-ing/V-ed/ADJ
结构︰the＋现在分词／过去分词／形容词
说明︰<形容词>，包括可做<形容词>的<分词>，前面加<冠词> the，可当复数<名词>用，表示“全体”的意思，其后的<动词>用复数形。常用的有：the wounded（所有受伤的人），the handicapped（所有残障者），the rich（有钱人），the dead（所有已死的人），the dying（所有垂死的人），the unknown（所有未知之事）等。

The rich are not necessarily happy.
有钱人未必快乐。

The oppressed were free after the coup.
被压迫的人民，在政变之后获得自由。

The dying were rushed to the hospital.
垂死的人被急速送往医院。

During the depression, millions of the unemployed wandered around in the streets.
      经济萧条时期，有好几百万的失业者在街头游荡。
V-ing/V-ed ..., Main Clause
结构︰现在分词／过去分词…，主要子句
说明︰这是含<分词>句构的<句型>，是以<分词词组>代替<副词子句>。<主要子句>中的<主词>应和<分词词组>中的动作接受者一致。若<动词>为 be 或 have been，变成现在<分词> being 或 having been后，可以省略。<否定句>若变成<分词词组>时，<否定副词> not 或 never 应置于<分词>之前。

Holding the watch up, she listened.
把表拿起来，她注意听。

Standing in the dark, I can not see anything.
站在黑夜里，我什么也看不见。

Sitting under the tree, I was hit by a stone on the head. 我坐在树下，被一块石头击中了头。

(Being) a lover of nature, he often goes mountain climbing.因为热爱大自然，他常常去爬山。

Angry with his wife, Tom kicked the dog.
因为和太太生气，汤姆踢狗。

Rich and generous, he contributed two million dollars to the Red Cross.
      因为有钱又慷慨，他捐了两百万圆给红十字会。

(Having been) Knocked down by a car, he spent a week in the hospital.
      被车子撞倒后，他在医院里度过了一星期。

Seriously damaged, the bridge is no longer in use. 因受到严重损坏，这座桥不再使用了。

Caught in a rain, he was wet all over.
淋到了一场雨，他全身都湿了。

Bitten by a dog, the little boy did not dare to play with dogs again.
      被狗咬过，这个小男孩不敢再和狗玩。

Written in English, the book is difficult for me to understand.
      用英文写的这本书对我来说很难理解。

Not (being) fond of learning, he ran away from home. 由于不喜欢读书，他就离家出走了。


Never having been to Switzerland before, he longs for a trip there.
      因为从来没去过瑞士，他期待一趟瑞士之旅。
When + V-ing ...
结构︰when／while／once／if／unless／though＋现在分词
说明︰当when，while，once，if，unless，though 等<副词><连接词>引导<副词子句>时，若其<主词>与<主要子句>相同，可保留该<副词><连接词>，其余部分则化简为<分词词组>。

He says "Please" when making a request.
请求时，他说：“请”。

When waiting for a bus, he takes his turn.
等公共汽车时，他按顺序排队。

He stopped to talk to me when seeing me.
看到我的时候，他停下来和我说话。

If falling ill, I’ll stay home taking a good rest.
如果生病，我会待在家里好好休息。

Once arriving there, I’ll keep contact with you.
一到那里，我会跟你连络。

Unless (being) rich, I am not going to buy a house. 除非有钱，要不然我是不会买房子的。

Though knowing the truth, he remained silent. 虽然他知道实情，却保持沉默。
N + V-ing/V-ed
结构︰名词＋现在分词／过去分词，…
说明︰这是含独立<分词>结构的<句型>，即因<主词>不同而将<分词>意义上的<主词>置于<分词>之前。若 <动词>为 be 或 have been，变成现在<分词> being 或 having been 后，可以省略。若<分词>意义上的<主词>是 we，you，one 等表世上之一般人的情形时，即使和<主要子句>之<主词>不同，也可省略，变成惯用的句子，常用的有：frankly speaking（坦白说），judging from（由…观之），talking about／of（谈谈…），generally speaking（一般而言），roughly speaking（大体言之）等。

They were trembling, their mouths watering at the thought of the beer.
      他们颤抖着，一想到啤酒，口水就流出来。

He was sitting next to Mrs. Smith, his eyes resting on her daughter.
      他坐在史密斯太太的旁边，他的视线落在她女儿的身上。

The earthquake took place, the windows broken into pieces.
地震发生了，户破得粉碎。

"There it is," he whispered, his eyes (being) bright with sudden tears.
      “就在那里。”他低声地说，他的眼睛闪亮着突然而来的眼泪。

He said in a low voice, both his hands (being) on his back. 他低声地说，他的双手放在背后。

He argued, his voice trembling with anger.
他争论着，他的声音由于生气而颤抖。

Generally speaking, women live longer than men.
一般而言，女性寿命较男性长。

Frankly speaking, he is not so bad as you might think. 坦白讲，他没有你想象中的坏。
with + N + V-ing/V-ed
结构︰with＋名词＋现在分词／过去分词
说明︰这是表“附带状况（并行行为）”的<副词词组>，常用来描述情景。有时使用<形容词>、<副词>、<介系词>代替<分词>。

She sang to the music with her hand waving gently.
她跟着音乐唱歌，手斯文地挥动着。

He came running here with one hand holding a knife.
他手上握着刀向这里跑来。

He came running here with a knife held in one hand.
他一手握着刀向这里跑来。

With our work done, we felt much at ease.
工作做完后，我们觉得好轻松。

She looked at him with the color gone from her face. 她凝视着他，脸上毫无血色。

He was dozing with a book open in his hands. 他在打盹，手上的书打开着。

My father sometimes goes out for a stroll with a stick in his hand.
      父亲有时候带着手杖出去散步。

What a lonely world it would be with you away! 妳要是不在，这世界不知将有多寂寞！
V-ing ... + be + N ...
结构︰现在分词…＋be 动词＋名词
说明︰此句型的<名词>是句子的<主词>，所以 be <动词>要和<名词>一致。

Coexisting with such love in the American family are cultural values of self-reliance and independence.
和美国家庭的这种爱同时并存的是自强及独立的文化价值观。

Growing along the river are tall palm trees.
沿着这条河生长的是高大的棕梠树。

Lying north of the church is a girls’ senior high school.位于这座教堂以北的是一所女子高中。
含动名词之句型
Thinking correctly is ...
结构︰动名词＋副词（或名词）＋单数动词＋…。
说明︰此句型意为“做某事是…的”。<动名词>在文法上具有<动词>与<名词>的双重性质，故<动名词>可以像<名词>一样充当<主词>；又因<动名词>当<主词>时，用于指“某一件事”，属于第三人称单数，故取单数<动词>。

Thinking correctly is important.
思考正确是重要的。

Living in the big city is convenient.
住在大城市是方便的。

Reading good books makes us happy.
阅读好书使得我们快乐。
... without + N/V-ing ...
结构︰主词＋动词＋…without＋名词／动名词…。
说明︰此句型意为“<主词>没有（不用）…”。without 当“没有；不用；假如没有；当…不”解，是<介系词>，后面接<名词>（<代名词>）或<动名词>，用法相当于“and ... not”或“if（when）…not＋<动词>”。

I can’t start a fire without matches.
我没有火柴不能点火。


We won’t go without you joining it.
你没有参加的话我们就不去了。

You can’t see the movie without the ticket.
你没有票，不能看电影。

He went to school without breakfast. (=He went to school and did not eat breakfast.)
      他没吃早饭就去上学了。
I like + V-ing ...
结构︰主词＋及物动词＋动名词（当受词）＋…。
说明︰此句型意为“某人…做某事”。下列的<及物动词>后面，常接<动名词>当<受词>：like，love， hate，begin，start，try，enjoy，mind，practise。

I like doing my homework.
我喜欢做我的家庭作业。

He loves listening to music.
他喜欢听音乐。

The boys hate doing homework on Sundays.
男孩们讨厌在星期日做家庭作业。
cannot help + V-ing ...
结构︰主词＋cannot help＋动名词
说明︰此句型意为“不得…，不禁…”。这里的 help 作“抗拒”或“避免”解，此时一定要用<动名词作受词>，相当于“<主词>＋cannot but／cannot help but＋原形<动词>”。

He cannot help loving Mary because of her beauty.
因为玛丽长得美，他不禁爱上她。

Whenever I hear the story, I cannot help crying.
每次我听这故事，就忍不住要哭。

After learning of his sufferings, I couldn’t help sympathizing with him.
      得知他痛苦的遭遇后，我忍不住同情他。

I cannot help laughing.
我忍不住笑出来。

I cannot help being poor.
我是穷，可是没有办法呀！

I cannot help wondering about that girl.
我不免对那个女孩感到惊奇。

I cannot help worrying to hear that there is no steamer this week.
      我听到本周没有船的消息，禁不住担忧起来。
There is no + V-ing ...
结构︰There is no＋动名词…
说明︰此句型意为“做…是不可能的”。等于“It is impossible to＋原形<动词>”或“No one can＋原形<动词>”。

There is no accounting for tastes.
人各有所好。

There was no telling what the next assignment would be.
不晓得下一个任务将是什么。

There is no reasoning with such a stubborn man as Peter.
      跟彼得这种固执的人讲理简直是不可能的事。

There is no denying that Taiwan is a beautiful island.台湾是座美丽的岛屿，这是不可否认的。

There is no describing the beauty of the scene.
谁都无法形容这景色的美丽。

There is no typing up this letter within five minutes.
不可能在五分钟内打完这封信。
feel like + V-ing ...
结构︰feel like＋动名词
说明︰此句型意为“想要…”。like 是<介系词>，故之后要接<名词>或<动名词>。当接<动名词>时，解释为“想要做…”，相当于“would like to＋原形<动词>”；接<名词>时，解释为“感觉像…”。

I don’t feel like studying tonight.
我今晚不想念书。

I feel like going to Europe for a visit next summer vacation.我好想明年暑假去一趟欧洲。

Do you feel like going to a movie?
你想看电影吗？

I feel like a newborn baby.
我感觉像是个新生的婴儿。
... come near + V-ing ...
结构︰主词＋come near＋动名词
说明︰此句型意为“几乎去做…”。near 后跟<动名词>。

It came near being the prettiest bow he had ever seen.那几乎是他所见过最漂亮的一只果盆。

I came near hitting him.
我几乎揍他。

They came near being drowned.
他们几乎被水淹死。


My son came near being run over by a truck.
我的儿子差点被大卡车辗过。
... worth + V-ing ...
结构︰worth＋动名词
说明︰此句型意为“值得…”。worth 是<介系词>，使用时要用<名词>或<动名词>做<受词>，形成<介系词词组>，当 <形容词>用。worth 之后接<动名词>时，<主词>必须为该<动名词>之<受词>，否则<动名词>之后须另加<介系词>，使<主词>做其<受词>。这种<句型>不可用虚<主词> it 做<主词>。


London is a city worth visiting.
伦敦是值得参观的城市。

He who does his duty is worth praising.
凡是忠于职守的人都值得赞扬。

A book worth reading once is worth reading time and time again.
      值得一看的书值得一看再看。

The work is worth doing.
这个工作值得去做。

He is worth doing the work for.
值得为他去做这份工作。
be worthy of + V-ing
结构︰be worthy of＋动名词
说明︰此句型意为“值得…”。等于“be worthy＋to be＋过去<分词>”。worthy 是<形容词>，也引导<形容词词组>；同 worth 一样，使用 worthy 时，不可用虚<主词> it 做<主词>。

This book is worthy of reading.
这本书值得一读。

He who does his duty is worthy of praising.
凡是忠于职守的人都值得奖励。

The event is worthy of being remembered.
那事件是值得记忆的。
On/Upon + V-ing ...
结构︰On／Upon＋动名词…
说明︰此句型意为“一…就…”。相当于 once 引导的<副词子句>。on 后面所跟的<动词>的动作执行者必须与<主要子句>的一致。

Upon reaching an appropriate age, children are encouraged, but not forced, to “leave the nest”.
一达到适当的年龄，孩子们就被鼓励，而不是被强迫，“离开老窝”。

On entering the classroom, I found a book lying on the floor.
       一走进教室，我就发现一本书丢在地上。

Upon receiving your letter, I was as happy as could be. 一收到你的信，我非常高兴。
before + V-ing ...
结构︰before + 动名词 ...
说明︰此句型意为“在…之前”。before 后面动作的执行者，应该与<主要子句>中的动作执行者一致。

Before entering a house in some Asian countries, it is good manners to take off your shoes.
      在某些亚洲的国家，进屋子之前脱下鞋子才是有礼貌的。

Before reading the book, you had better ask yourself if you have the time.
      在读这本书之前，你最好问问自己是否有时间。

Before visiting him, I called him up in advance.
在拜访他之前，我先打电话给他。
of one’s own + V-ing
结构︰of one’s own＋动名词
说明︰此句型意为“由某人亲自所…的”。本<词组>为<形容词词组>，置于<名词>之后，做后位<修饰语>。


This is a picture of his own painting.
这是他的亲笔画。

This is a coat of her own making.
这是她亲手做的外衣。

I least expected that this should be a house of his own constructing.
       我怎么也没想到这房子是他自己造的。
keep ... from + V-ing
结构︰主词＋keep／prevent／stop／discourage＋受词＋from＋动名词
说明︰此句型意为“防止…／阻止…／使…不能…／劝阻某人不要…”。有时把 from 省略。

It will take everybody’s efforts to keep city noises from increasing.
      那是需要每个人的努力来防止都市噪音的增加。

The rain kept us from getting there on time.
那场雨使我们不能准时到达那里。

They should try to keep prices from rising.
他们应该设法阻止价钱上涨。

Sometimes we can prevent a cloud from producing rain.
有时我们可以阻止云产生雨。

Nobody can prevent him from running the risk.
没有人能够阻止他去冒险。

The bad weather prevented us from getting there on time.
       恶劣的天气阻止了我们准时到达那里。

They didn’t even try to stop him getting it.
他们甚至没有试图去阻止他得到它。

You should have stopped him from going swimming.
你本来应该阻止他去游泳。

A strong will will stop one from committing a crime. 强烈的意志会阻止一个人去犯罪。

Even his closest friends discouraged him from seeking higher office.
      甚至他最知己的朋友也劝阻他去寻求更高的职位。

He was discouraged from making another attempt.
他受劝阻去做另一次的尝试。
I remember + V-ing ...
结构︰主词＋remember＋动名词
说明︰此句型意为“记得曾做…”。“remember＋<动名词>”是指现在记得以前曾经做过某事，而“remember＋to-<不定词>”是指“记住要做某事”。forget，regret 的情形和 remember 也有大致相同的区别。

I remember feeling that God, or someone, had brought us together.
      我记得感到上帝或某人把我们凑合在一起。

Do you remember taking a trip to Japan with him?
你记得曾经和他到日本旅行吗？

I can’t remember quarreling with him in junior high school. 我不记得国中时和他吵过架。

I’ll remember to mail these letters.
我会记着寄这些信的。
... one’s + V-ing ...
结构︰所有格＋动名词
说明︰<动名词>之意义上的<主词>是放在<动名词>前面的<名词>(<代名词>)，原则上是以<所有格>出现。但在口语中经常以受格出现，尤其美语此种倾向更强。<动名词>意义上的<主词>若非“人”时，则不必变成<所有格>。

She is not sure of his answering her letter.
她无法确定他是否会回信给她。

I prefer John’s playing tennis to his playing cards.
我宁愿约翰打网球而不玩朴克牌。

I dislike my mother’s interfering in the affair.
我不喜欢母亲介入这件事。

Our teacher didn’t mind my coming in late.
老师对于我的迟到并不在意。

Would you mind my opening the window?
你介意我开窗吗？

I remember our meeting ten years ago.
我记得十年前我们会见过。

My father doesn’t like my/me going out alone.
我父亲不喜欢我单独出门。

I dislike my house being too small.
我不喜欢我的房子太小。
... be busy V-ing ...
结构︰be busy＋动名词
说明︰此句型意为“忙着做…”。等于“be busy with＋<名词>”。

Mother is busy making cookies for the picnic.
母亲正忙着为野餐做饼干。

He was busy preparing for the exam.
他忙着准备考试。

I was busy looking up all the new words of the lesson in my dictionary.
       我忙着在字典里查本课所有的生字。
... be used to + V-ing/N
结构︰主词＋be used to／be accustomed to＋动名词／名词
说明︰此句型意为“习惯于…”。“<主词>＋used to-<不定词>”是“过去常常…”；而“物＋be used to-<不定词>”则是“被用来…”的意思。

The winter was much colder than they were used to and many people died.
      那年冬天比他们所习惯的更为寒冷，因而很多人死亡。

He is used to sitting up late.
他习惯熬夜。

Are you used to the weather in Taipei?
你习惯台北的天气吗？

He is accustomed to hearing noise, because he lives right in the center of the city.
       他住在市中心，所以已经习惯于噪音了。
be on the point of + V-ing
结构︰be on／upon the point／verge of＋动名词／名词…
说明︰此句型意为“正要…”。相当于“be just about to ...”。


It started raining when I was on the point of leaving home.我正要离开家的时候开始下雨了。

On being sent to hospital, he was on the point of breathing his last.
       他被送到医院的时候已经奄奄一息了。

He was on the point of death.
他濒临死亡。

She was on the verge of telling all the secret.
她正想把全部的秘密讲给我听。
make a point of + V-ing
结构︰主词＋make a point of＋动名词
说明︰此句型意为“一定…；认为有必要…”。本<句型>也可以写成“<主词>＋make it a point／rule＋to-<不定词>”。

I make a point of giving a hand to others.
我一定对别人伸出援助的手。

Whenever I go to Taipei, I make a point of visiting the National Palace Museum.
      不论何时我到台北，我一定去参观故宫博物院。

They make a point of going on a picnic every two weeks.他们一定每两个星期去野餐一次。
to the point of V-ing ...
结构︰…to the point of＋动名词…
说明︰此句型意为“到…的程度”。

To regret one’s errors to the point of not repeating them is true repentance.
       对自己的错误后悔到不致重犯的程度是真正的后悔。

She hates him to the point of not talking to him.
她讨厌他到不和他讲话的程度。

They argued to the point of fighting with each other.
他们争吵到打架的程度。
do a little + V-ing
结构︰do＋a lot of／a little／any／the＋动名词
说明︰此句型意为“做…”。可以用 a lot of（许多），a little（＝some 一些），any（任何的），the 等字。

I can do a little dancing.
我可以做一点舞蹈动作。

She helped her mother do the washing.
她帮她妈妈做清洗的工作。

He has done a lot of traveling.
他做了很多的旅行。
with the + V-ing of + N
结构︰with＋the＋动名词＋of＋名词
说明︰此句型意为“随着的…”。若<动名词>有相对的<名词>，则用<动名词>或<名词>都可以。

With the coming of Easter, winter ends and spring comes.
随着复活节的来临，冬天结束而春天来了。

With the inventing of the computer, society seems to have changed greatly.
      随着计算机的发明，社会似乎已经大大地改变了。

With the setting of the sun, night comes silently.
随着太阳的落下，夜晚悄悄地来到。
spend ... (in) V-ing
结构︰主词（人）＋spend＋时间＋（in）＋动名词…
说明︰此句型意为“…花／用若干时间做…”。要用人做<主词>。等于“It takes＋时间＋to-<不定词>”。

He spent his last years (in) teaching and editing earlier writings.
      他把晚年用在教书和编纂以前的著作。

How much time do you spend practicing English everyday?
      你每天花多少时间练习英文？

He is going to spend his last years writing a book on the history of Chinese literature.
      他打算用晚年写一本中国文学史。

She spends too much time (in) dressing herself.
她用太多的时间装扮自己。

He spent much of his spare time roaming about the streets.他把大部分的闲暇时间用来逛街。
prefer V-ing/N to V-ing/N
结构︰主词＋prefer＋动名词／名词…to＋动名词／名词…
说明︰此句型意为“宁可…而不愿…；喜欢…而不喜欢…”。<动名词>的位置可以换成<名词>。

In the U.S., people prefer waiting for a table to sitting with people they don’t know.
      在美国，人们宁可等着空的桌子，而不愿和不认识的人坐在一起。

Some people prefer sitting up to going to bed early.
有些人宁可熬夜，而不早睡。

He said he preferred country life to city life. 他说他喜欢乡下生活，而不喜欢都市生活。
when it comes to + V-ing
结构︰…when it comes to＋动名词／名词
说明︰此句型意为“…一谈到…”。请注意 to 是<介系词>，后跟<动名词>，有时也可跟<名词>。

Their memory wasn’t very good when it came to recalling other things, but they remembered the comet.
一谈到别的事情时，他们的记性并不是很好，但他们却记得彗星。

When it comes to making friends, you cannot be too careful.
      一谈到交朋友，你再怎么小心也不为过。

When it came to the summer vacation, we all became excited.
一谈到暑假，我们大家都变兴奋了。
the + V-ing + of + N ...
结构︰the＋动名词＋of＋名词…
说明︰本结构在句中充当<主词>，述词或<受词>。

The actual cause of the quake itself is the rupturing or breaking of rocks at or below the earth’s surface.
地震本身的真正原因是地球表面的或地底下的岩石断裂或破裂。

The building of the bridge is very important for the transportation between the two towns.
      这座桥的建造对这两个镇的交通很重要。

The breaking of his right leg made him walk on crutches only.
他右脚的折断使他只有靠拐杖走路。
be all for + V-ing ...
结构︰主词＋be all for＋动名词…
说明︰此句型意为“尽其所能地…”。等于 try one’s best to do sth。

I was all for calling on each of these ladies.
我尽量去拜访每一位女士。

He is praised for his being all for helping the poor.
他因尽力帮助穷人受到了赞美。

I am all for jogging early in the morning.
我尽可能一大早慢跑。